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The bar jack (''Caranx ruber'') (also known as the carbonero, red jack, blue-striped cavalla and passing jack) is a common species of inshore marine fish classified in the jack family, Carangidae. The bar jack is distributed through the western Atlantic Ocean from New Jersey and Bermuda in the north to Venezuela and possibly Brazil in the south, with the largest population in the Gulf of Mexico and West Indies. The bar jack is most simply distinguished from similar jacks by its dark horizontal bar which runs along the back and down the caudal fin, often accompanied by an electric blue stripe immediately below it. Other more detailed differences include dentition and soft ray counts. The bar jack is a moderately large species, growing to a recorded maximum of 65 cm and a weight of 6.8 kg. The species inhabits clear shallow waters, often over coral reefs where it lives either solitarily or in large schools, taking various fishes, crustaceans and cephalopods as prey. Studies in Cuba indicate spawning occurs between March and August, with sexual maturity reached at 26 cm. It is a relatively popular sport fish and can be caught on light tackle with a variety of lures and baits. It is considered to be a good food fish, however many recorded ciguatera cases are attributed to the species, with most cases reported on the island of St. Thomas traced to this single species.==Taxonomy and naming==The bar jack is classified within the genus ''Caranx'', a group of fishes commonly known as jacks and trevallies, which is part of the larger jack and horse mackerel family Carangidae. The Carangidae are perciform fishes in the suborder Percoidei. The fish is still often classified in the genus ''Carangoides'' by some authors, including ITIS and the Catalogue of Fisheshttp://research.calacademy.org/redirect?url=http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/fishcatget.asp&tbl=species&spid=15399 but the major taxonomic authorities Fishbase, WoRMShttp://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=302432 and the Encyclopedia of Lifehttp://eol.org/pages/221352/overview which all list it as belonging in ''Caranx'', which this article follows.The bar jack was first scientifically described under the name ''Somber ruber'' by Marcus Bloch, in 1793 based on a specimen taken from the east coast of America, which was designated to be the holotype. ''Caranx'' is derived from the French word, ''carangue'', or a fish from the Caribbean, while ''ruber'' (sometimes incorrectly spelled ''rubber'') is Latin for red. Bloch attributed the species to the mackerels of the genus ''Scomber'', a common practice during this period as the genus ''Caranx'' and subsequent family Carangidae were not created until 1801 by Bernard Germain de Lacépède. The species has been variably placed in either ''Carangoides'' or ''Caranx'' since 1801, with the status of the species still somewhat ambiguous. A recent study of the molecular systematics of the Carangidae using mitochondrial cytochrome ''b'' sequences strongly supported placement in the genus ''Caranx'', with ''C. ruber'' being most closely related to ''Caranx bartholomaei'', itself still often classified under ''Carangoides''. Both ''C. ruber'' and ''C. bartholomaei'' were strongly related to other well known members of ''Caranx'', and only distantly related to any other species of ''Carangoides''.Aside from the most commonly used name of "bar jack", other common names for this fish include blue-striped cavalla, red jack, neverbite, passing jack, and pointnose, as well as many non-English names.
The bar jack (''Caranx ruber'') (also known as the carbonero, red jack, blue-striped cavalla and passing jack) is a common species of inshore marine fish classified in the jack family, Carangidae. The bar jack is distributed through the western Atlantic Ocean from New Jersey and Bermuda in the north to Venezuela and possibly Brazil in the south, with the largest population in the Gulf of Mexico and West Indies. The bar jack is most simply distinguished from similar jacks by its dark horizontal bar which runs along the back and down the caudal fin, often accompanied by an electric blue stripe immediately below it. Other more detailed differences include dentition and soft ray counts. The bar jack is a moderately large species, growing to a recorded maximum of 65 cm and a weight of 6.8 kg. The species inhabits clear shallow waters, often over coral reefs where it lives either solitarily or in large schools, taking various fishes, crustaceans and cephalopods as prey. Studies in Cuba indicate spawning occurs between March and August, with sexual maturity reached at 26 cm. It is a relatively popular sport fish and can be caught on light tackle with a variety of lures and baits. It is considered to be a good food fish, however many recorded ciguatera cases are attributed to the species, with most cases reported on the island of St. Thomas traced to this single species.
==Taxonomy and naming==
The bar jack is classified within the genus ''Caranx'', a group of fishes commonly known as jacks and trevallies, which is part of the larger jack and horse mackerel family Carangidae. The Carangidae are perciform fishes in the suborder Percoidei. The fish is still often classified in the genus ''Carangoides'' by some authors, including ITIS and the Catalogue of Fishes〔http://research.calacademy.org/redirect?url=http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/fishcatget.asp&tbl=species&spid=15399〕 but the major taxonomic authorities Fishbase, WoRMS〔http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=302432〕 and the Encyclopedia of Life〔http://eol.org/pages/221352/overview〕 which all list it as belonging in ''Caranx'', which this article follows.
The bar jack was first scientifically described under the name ''Somber ruber'' by Marcus Bloch, in 1793 based on a specimen taken from the east coast of America, which was designated to be the holotype. ''Caranx'' is derived from the French word, ''carangue'', or a fish from the Caribbean, while ''ruber'' (sometimes incorrectly spelled ''rubber'') is Latin for red. Bloch attributed the species to the mackerels of the genus ''Scomber'', a common practice during this period as the genus ''Caranx'' and subsequent family Carangidae were not created until 1801 by Bernard Germain de Lacépède. The species has been variably placed in either ''Carangoides'' or ''Caranx'' since 1801, with the status of the species still somewhat ambiguous.〔 A recent study of the molecular systematics of the Carangidae using mitochondrial cytochrome ''b'' sequences strongly supported placement in the genus ''Caranx'', with ''C. ruber'' being most closely related to ''Caranx bartholomaei'', itself still often classified under ''Carangoides''. Both ''C. ruber'' and ''C. bartholomaei'' were strongly related to other well known members of ''Caranx'', and only distantly related to any other species of ''Carangoides''.
Aside from the most commonly used name of "bar jack", other common names for this fish include blue-striped cavalla, red jack, neverbite, passing jack, and pointnose, as well as many non-English names.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
■ウィキペディアで「The bar jack (''Caranx ruber'') (also known as the carbonero, red jack, blue-striped cavalla and passing jack) is a common species of inshore marine fish classified in the jack family, Carangidae. The bar jack is distributed through the western Atlantic Ocean from New Jersey and Bermuda in the north to Venezuela and possibly Brazil in the south, with the largest population in the Gulf of Mexico and West Indies. The bar jack is most simply distinguished from similar jacks by its dark horizontal bar which runs along the back and down the caudal fin, often accompanied by an electric blue stripe immediately below it. Other more detailed differences include dentition and soft ray counts. The bar jack is a moderately large species, growing to a recorded maximum of 65 cm and a weight of 6.8 kg. The species inhabits clear shallow waters, often over coral reefs where it lives either solitarily or in large schools, taking various fishes, crustaceans and cephalopods as prey. Studies in Cuba indicate spawning occurs between March and August, with sexual maturity reached at 26 cm. It is a relatively popular sport fish and can be caught on light tackle with a variety of lures and baits. It is considered to be a good food fish, however many recorded ciguatera cases are attributed to the species, with most cases reported on the island of St. Thomas traced to this single species.==Taxonomy and naming==The bar jack is classified within the genus ''Caranx'', a group of fishes commonly known as jacks and trevallies, which is part of the larger jack and horse mackerel family Carangidae. The Carangidae are perciform fishes in the suborder Percoidei. The fish is still often classified in the genus ''Carangoides'' by some authors, including ITIS and the Catalogue of Fisheshttp://research.calacademy.org/redirect?url=http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/fishcatget.asp&tbl=species&spid=15399 but the major taxonomic authorities Fishbase, WoRMShttp://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=302432 and the Encyclopedia of Lifehttp://eol.org/pages/221352/overview which all list it as belonging in ''Caranx'', which this article follows.The bar jack was first scientifically described under the name ''Somber ruber'' by Marcus Bloch, in 1793 based on a specimen taken from the east coast of America, which was designated to be the holotype. ''Caranx'' is derived from the French word, ''carangue'', or a fish from the Caribbean, while ''ruber'' (sometimes incorrectly spelled ''rubber'') is Latin for red. Bloch attributed the species to the mackerels of the genus ''Scomber'', a common practice during this period as the genus ''Caranx'' and subsequent family Carangidae were not created until 1801 by Bernard Germain de Lacépède. The species has been variably placed in either ''Carangoides'' or ''Caranx'' since 1801, with the status of the species still somewhat ambiguous. A recent study of the molecular systematics of the Carangidae using mitochondrial cytochrome ''b'' sequences strongly supported placement in the genus ''Caranx'', with ''C. ruber'' being most closely related to ''Caranx bartholomaei'', itself still often classified under ''Carangoides''. Both ''C. ruber'' and ''C. bartholomaei'' were strongly related to other well known members of ''Caranx'', and only distantly related to any other species of ''Carangoides''.Aside from the most commonly used name of "bar jack", other common names for this fish include blue-striped cavalla, red jack, neverbite, passing jack, and pointnose, as well as many non-English names.」の詳細全文を読む
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